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   <front>
      <journal-meta>
         <journal-id/>
         <journal-title-group>
            <journal-title>Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning</journal-title>
         </journal-title-group>
         <issn pub-type="ppub">0034-0111</issn>
         <issn pub-type="epub">1869-4179</issn>
         <publisher>
            <publisher-name>oekom</publisher-name>
         </publisher>
      </journal-meta>
      <article-meta>
         <article-id>10.14512_rur_50_0104</article-id>
         <title-group>
            <article-title xml:lang="De">Die ästhetischen Komponenten des Landschaftsverbrauchs</article-title>
         </title-group>
         <contrib-group>
            <contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes" id="Au1" xlink:href="#Aff1">
               <name>
                  <surname>Wienken</surname>
                  <given-names>Ralf</given-names>
                  <prefix>Dr.</prefix>
               </name>
               <aff id="Aff1">
                  <addr-line>Siegfriedstraße 50<postal-code>4801</postal-code>
                     <city>Bielefeld</city>
                     <country>Deutschland</country>
                  </addr-line>
               </aff>
            </contrib>
         </contrib-group>
         <volume>50</volume>
         <issue>1</issue>
         <fpage>23</fpage>
         <lpage>31</lpage>
         <permissions>
            <copyright-year>1992</copyright-year>
            <copyright-holder>Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg</copyright-holder>
         </permissions>
         <abstract abstract-type="summary" id="Abs1" xml:lang="De">
            <title>Zusammenfassung</title>
            <p>Der Begriff Landschaftsverbrauch ist bislang meist entweder auf die Versiegelung von Freifläche reduziert oder diffus zur Beschreibung negativer Auswirkungen von infrastrukturellen Maßnahmen oder der industriellen Produktion gebraucht worden. Inhaltlich und sprachlich sinnvoll ist er jedoch nur, wenn er Veränderungen im anorganischen, organischen und anthropologischen Bereich der Landschaft umfaßt, die jeweils durch raumwirksame menschliche Aktivitäten hervorgerufen werden. Dementsprechend sollte von Landschaftsverbrauch nur gesprochen werden, wenn drei Komponenten vorliegen: Freiflächenverbrauch als Versiegelung vorher freier Fläche, Landschaftsbeeinträchtigung als Sinken der Diversität oder des Integrationsniveaus von Ökosystemen und Landschaftsentwertung als Verarmung der Landschaft hinsichtlich kultureller Standards. Nur auf diese Weise wird der Begriff dem vielschichtigen Phänomen des Verbrauchs der Landschaft gerecht. Bei Bedarf läßt sich seine (unvermeidliche) Komplexität ohne weiteres auflösen, indem er in seine Bestandteile differenziert wird.</p>
         </abstract>
      </article-meta>
   </front>
   <body>
      <sec id="Sec1">
         <label>1</label>
         <title>Anmerkungen</title>
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         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR7"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[7] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
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         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR12"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[12] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
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         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR14"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[14] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
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         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR15"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[15] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
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         </ref>
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         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR20"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[20] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib20" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;20.&lt;/number&gt;(20) Vgl. Umweltgutachten 1978. Hrsg.: Rat von Sachverständigen für Umweltfragen. – Stuttgart, Mainz 1978, S. 20; Tesdorpf, J.C.: Landschafeverbrauch, a.a.O., S. 10; Wilmans, O.: Ökologische Pflanzensoziologie. 3. Aufl. – Heidelberg 1984, S. 16 ff.; selbstverständlich sind andere Schemata denkbar, die weniger oder mehr Stufen enthalten.&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR21"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[21] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib21" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;21.&lt;/number&gt;(21) Vgl. Engelhardt, W.: Abhilfemaßnahmen zur Eindämmung des Landschaftsverbrauchs aus der Sicht des Ökologen. In: Umwelt-Forum 1978: Grenzen des Landschaftsverbrauchs. – Bonn 1978, S. 85; Blab, J.: Bioindikation und Naturschutzplanung. In: Natur und Landschaft 63 (1988) H. 4, S. 147–149&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR22"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[22] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib22" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;22.&lt;/number&gt;(22) Vgl. Schimank, U.: Neoromantischer Protest im Spätkapitalismus. – Bielefeld 1983, S. 26 und 45 ff.; Tesdorpf, J.C.: Theoretische Überlegungen zum Begriff “Landschaftsverbrauch”, a.a.O., S. 182 f.; K. Adam bezeichnet dieses Phänomen als Abnahme der Aspektvarianz, vgl. Adam, K.: Prägende Merkmale, potentielle Gefährdung und Schutzbedarf von Landschaftsbildern in der BRD. Dissertation Marburg/Lahn 1982, S. 14&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR23"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[23] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib23" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;23.&lt;/number&gt;(23) So wie es z.B. mit den ursprünglich bewaldeten Gebieten am Mittelmeer geschehen ist, mit dem Ergebnis, daß man heute die im Vergleich zu früheren Zeiten kahlen Hänge als schön ansieht. Das Beispiel kann ausgeweitet werden. Vielleicht werden die entwaldeten Hänge des Erzgebirges in einigen Jahrzehnten als schöne Strauch- und Wiesenlandschaft angesehen.&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR24"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[24] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib24" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;24.&lt;/number&gt;(24) Vgl. Finke, P.: Landschaftserfahrung und Landschaftserhaltung. Plädoyer für eine ökologische Landschaftsästhetik. In: Smuda, M. (Hrsg.): Landschaft – Frankfurt a.M. 1986, S. 266–298, hier S. 266 f.; zum Zusammenhang von Landschaftsbeeinträchtigung und Entwertung vgl. Adam, K.: Prägende Merkmale ..., a.a.O., S. 23&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR25"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[25] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib25" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;25.&lt;/number&gt;(25) Daran hat sich bis heute trotz einer immensen Vergrößerung der quantitativen Datenbasis nichts geändert; vgl. Umwelt-Forum 1978, S. 8; Gaßner, E.: Zum Recht des Landschaftsbildes, a.a.O., S. 64 ff.&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR26"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[26] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib26" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;26.&lt;/number&gt;(26) Vgl. Krause, C.L.; Adam, K.; Schäfer, B.: Landschaftsbildanalyse. Methodische Grundlagen zur Ermittlung der Qualität des Landschaftsbildes. = Schriftenreihe für Landschaftspflege und Naturschutz. Hrsg.: Bundesforschungsanstalt für Naturschutz und Landschaftsökologie. – Bonn-Bad Godesberg (1983) H. 25&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
         <ref specific-use="2" id="CR27"><?letex RNG_JATS-journalpublishing1-mathml3 /article/body[1]/sec[1]/ref[27] element "ref" not allowed here; expected the element end-tag or element "address", "alternatives", "array", "boxed-text", "chem-struct-wrap", "code", "def-list", "disp-formula", "disp-formula-group", "disp-quote", "fig", "fig-group", "fn-group", "glossary", "graphic", "list", "media", "ns:math", "p", "preformat", "ref-list", "related-article", "related-object", "sec", "speech", "statement", "supplementary-material", "table-wrap", "table-wrap-group", "tex-math" or "verse-group" (with xmlns:ns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML")?>
            <mixed-citation>&lt;bib id="bib27" type="Periodical"&gt;&lt;number&gt;27.&lt;/number&gt;(27) Vgl. ebenda; Krause, C.L.: Zur Bewertung des Landschaftsbildes. In: Kriterien für die Auswahl von Landschaften nationaler Bedeutung. = Schriftenreihe des deutschen Rates für Landespflege (1986) H. 50, S.928–936&lt;/bib&gt;</mixed-citation>
         </ref>
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