Stadtentwicklung in der VR China — geschlossene und offene Phasen der Urbanisierung

Wolfgang  Taubmann

doi:10.1007/BF03184488

Authors

Wolfgang Taubmann Studiengang Geographie FB 8/Sozialwissenschaften, Universität Bremen, Postfach 33 04 40, 28334, Bremen

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03184488

Keywords:

Article

Abstract

The traditional Chinese city was considered by the Chinese Communist Party to be the very embodiment of the feudal system; “consumer cities” were, therefore, to be transformed into “producer cities”. However, at a time when the prime focus was on building up Chinese industry, this slogan was less the aim of a new urbanisation strategy than a matter of the cities being seen as low-cost locations for industrial development. Even though living conditions in the cities were impoverished, urbanisation nonetheless repeatedly unleashed waves of migration from the countryside into the cities. Chinese society was split into a rural population and an urban population. Only with the economic reforms of the late ’70s did these structures slowly begin to dissolve.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Vgl. etwa Küchler, Johannes: Stadt. In: Franke, Wolfgang; Staiger, Brunhild (Hrsg.): China Handbuch. — Düsseldorf 1974, Sp. 1309-1316; ders. Küchler, Johannes: Stadterneuerung in der VR China. In: Stadtentwicklungsprozeß — Stadtentwicklungschancen: Planung in Berlin, Bologna und in der VR China. — Göttingen 1976. = Geographische Hochschulmanuskripte, H. 3, S. 137–218

Weber, Max: Die Wirtschaftsethik der Weltreligionen. Konfuzianismus und Taoismus. Schriften 1915-1920 (Gesamtausgabe 1/19). — Tübingen 1989

Vgl. auch Naughton, Barry: Cities in the Chinese economic system: changing roles and conditions for autonomy. In: Davis, Deborah S. u.a. (Eds.): Urban spaces in contemporary China. A potential for autonomy and community in post-Mao China. — Cambridge 1995, S. 61

Taubmann, Wolfgang: The Chinese City. In. Ehlers, Eckart (Hrsg.): Modelling the City — Cross Cultural Perspectives. — Bonn 1992. = Colloquium Geographicum, Bd. 22, S. 108–131

Ders. Taubmann, Wolfgang: Entwicklungsprobleme der VR China. In: Geographie heute (1981) H. 4, S. 2–15

Wiethoff, Bodo: Grundzüge der neueren chinesischen Geschichte. — Darmstadt 1977. = Grundzüge, Bd. 31

Vgl. etwa Ma, Laurence J.C.: Anti-urbanism in China. In: Proceedings of the Association of American Geographers (1976) Vol. 8, S. 114–118

Vgl. Tang, W.-S.: Urbanisation in China: A Review of its Casual Mechanics and Spatial Relations. In: Progress in Planning (1997) Vol. 48, S. 1–65

Ahn, Sun Sheng: Revolution, Space and Urbanization: The Ideological Foundations of Chinese Urban Development. In: Asian Profile, Vol. 26, No. 2, April 1998, S. 91–120

China Statistical Yearbook. Versch. Jahrgänge. — Beijing

Tang, W.-S.: Urbanisation in China, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Vgl. Tang, W.-S.: Urbanisation in China: A Review of its Casual Mechanics and Spatial Relations. In: Progress in Planning (1997) Vol. 48, S. 1–65]

Wu, Fulong: Urban restructuring in China’s emerging market economy: towards a framework for analysis. In: International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 21, No. 4 (1997), S. 640–663

Ahn, Sun Sheng: Revolution, Space and Urbanization, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Ahn, Sun Sheng: Revolution, Space and Urbanization: The Ideological Foundations of Chinese Urban Development. In: Asian Profile, Vol. 26, No. 2, April 1998, S. 91–120]

Cheng, Tiejun; Seiden, Mark: The Origins and Social Consequences of China’s Hukou System. In: China Quarterly 139 (1994), S. 644–668; Chan, Kam Wing: Post-Mao China: A Two-Class Urban Society in the Making. In: International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Vol. 20, No. 1 (1996), S. 134–150

Wang, Feng: The Breakdown of a Great Wall: Recent Changes in the Household Registration in China. In: Scharping, Thomas (Hrsg.): Floating Population and Migration in China. — Hamburg 1997. = Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde, 284, S. 149–165, hier: S. 151

Mallee, Hein, Rural-Urban Migration Control in the People’s Republic of China: Effects of the Recent Reforms. In: China Information, Vol. II, No. 4 (1988), S. 12–22

Wang, Feng: The Breakdown of a Great Wall, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Wang, Feng: The Breakdown of a Great Wall: Recent Changes in the Household Registration in China. In: Scharping, Thomas (Hrsg.): Floating Population and Migration in China. — Hamburg 1997. = Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde, 284, S. 149–165, hier: S. 151]

Vgl. Scharping, Thomas: Vom Ständestaat zur mobilen Gesellschaft. Migration und Systemwandel in China. In: Geographische Zeitschrift, 83. Jg. (1996) H. 3/4, S. 137–149

Szelenyi, I.: Cities under socialism — and after. In: Andrusz, G.; Harloe, M.; Szelenyi, I. (Eds.): Cities after socialism: urban and regional change and conflict in post-socialist societies. — Oxford 1996

Lii, Xiaobao; Perry, Elizabeth J.: The Changing Chinese Workplace in Historical and Comparative Perspective. In: dies. (Eds.): Danwei. The Changing Chinese Workplace in Historical and Comparative Perspective. — Armonk, New York, London 1997, S. 3–17

Vgl. u.a. ebenda; Li, Hanlin; Wang, Qi: Research on the Chinese work Unit Society. — Frankfurt a.M. u.a. 1996

Weggel, Oskar: China. Zwischen Marx und Konfuzius. — München 1987. = Beck’ sche Reihe — Aktuelle Länderkunden

Taubmann, Wolfgang: Recent Urbanization Trends in China — Global Influences and National Strategies. — Mexico City 1999 (im Druck)

Wang, Feng: The Breakdown of a Great Wall, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Wang, Feng: The Breakdown of a Great Wall: Recent Changes in the Household Registration in China. In: Scharping, Thomas (Hrsg.): Floating Population and Migration in China. — Hamburg 1997. = Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde, 284, S. 149–165, hier: S. 151]

Vgl. China Labour Statistical Yearbook 1997. — Beijing 1997

Li, Hanlin: Peasant Worke in Chinese City — Its Problems and Social Consequences. Mimeo, o.O. 1995

Taubmann, Wolfgang: Migration into Rural Towns (Zhen) — Some Results of a Research Project on Rural Urbanisation in China. In: Scharping, Thomas (Hrsg.): Floating Population and Migration in China. — Hamburg 1997. = Mitteilungen des Instituts für Asienkunde, 284, S. 236–263

Inside Mainland China 2 (1998): Social Trends: Reforms to the Household Registration Sstem Cannot Wait, S. 77–83

Siehe Beijing Ribao v. 10.4.1998

Xing Min Wanbao v. 29.12.1997

Vgl. etwa Fan, C. Cindy: China’s Peasant Migrants: Relevance of the Underclass Framework. Paper presented at The 2nd Sino-American Symposium on Human Geography, June 1997, Xi’an, China

Chan, Kam Wing: Post-Mao China, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. (14)]; Li, Hanlin: Peasant Worker in Chinese City, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Li, Hanlin: Peasant Worke in Chinese City — Its Problems and Social Consequences. Mimeo, o.O. 1995]

Xiang, Biao: How to Create a Visible “Non-state Space” through Migration and Marketized Traditional Networks: An Account of a Migrant Community in China. Paper prepared for the International Workshop on “Chinese in Europe and China’s Internal Migration”, Oxford, July 1996; ders. Xiang, Biao: A Community without Boundary: The Basic Structure of a Migrant Enclave in Contemporary China. Paper presented at International Conference on “Labor Mobility and Migration in East Asia”, Beijing, April 1998; Wang, Chunguang: Shehui Liudong he Shehui Chongguo — Jingcheng “Zhejiang Cun” Yanjiu (Gesellschaftliche Mobilität und gesellschaftliche Restrukturierung — Studien über das „Zhejiang Dorf” in Beijing). — Hangzhou 1995

Vgl. auch Müller, Barbara: Migrantengruppen und städtische Nischenwirtschaft: Das „Zhe-jiang-Dorf” in Beijing. In: China aktuell, Juli 1996, S. 678-690

China Labour Statistical Yearbook 1997. — Beijing 1997

Far Eastern Economic Review v. 30.7.1998

Wu, Fulong: Urban restructuring in China’s emerging market economy, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. (12)]

Naughton, Barry: Danwei: The Economic Foundation of a Unique Institution. In: Lü, Xiaobao; Perry, Elizabeth, J. (Eds.): Danwei. The Changing Chinese Workplace in Historical and Comparative Perspective. — Armonk, New York, London 1997, S. 169-194; Hu, Aidi: Reform des Systems sozialer Sicherheit in China: Fakten und Perspektiven. In: Internationale Revue für Soziale Sicherheit, Bd. 50 (1997) H. 3, S. 51–74

Li, Hanlin; Wang, Qi: Research on the Chinese Work Unit Society. — Frankfurt a.M. u.a. 1996

Naughton, Barry: Cities in the Chinese economic system, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Vgl. auch Naughton, Barry: Cities in the Chinese economic system: changing roles and conditions for autonomy. In: Davis, Deborah S. u.a. (Eds.): Urban spaces in contemporary China. A potential for autonomy and community in post-Mao China. — Cambridge 1995, S. 61]

Tang, W.-S.: Urbanisation in China, a.a.O. [siehe Anm. Vgl. Tang, W.-S.: Urbanisation in China: A Review of its Casual Mechanics and Spatial Relations. In: Progress in Planning (1997) Vol. 48, S. 1–65]