The identification of Germany’s horizontal and vertical industrial clusters A new approach and first empirical results Authors Mirko Titze Institut für WirtschaftsforschugnHalle (IWH), Kleine Märkerstraße 8, 06108, Halle (Saale) Matthias Brachert Institut für WirtschaftsforschugnHalle (IWH), Kleine Märkerstraße 8, 06108, Halle (Saale) Alexander Kubis Institut für WirtschaftsforschugnHalle (IWH), Kleine Märkerstraße 8, 06108, Halle (Saale) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03185711 Keywords: Industrial Cluster, Qualitative Input-Output-Analysis, Regional Economic Development, JEL classification: R12, R15, L60 Abstract If regional development agencies assume the cluster concept to be an adequate framework to promote regional growth and competitiveness, it is necessary to identify industrial clusters in a comprehensive manner. Previous studies used a diversity of methods starting with specific regional case studies, input-output methods and different concentration measures. This article presents a new instrument in empirical cluster research — the Qualitative Input-Output Analysis-, which offers the possibility to identify industrial cluster in conjunction with concentration measures. Especially, this method allows the combination of an identified critical mass of regional firms with the necessity of interaction of these firms within an input-output framework. Applying this method to Germany’s “Arbeitsmarktregionen” we find that 103 “Arbeitsmarkregionen” show first signs of horizontal industrial clusters, while only 28 regions are able to attract vertical industrial clusters. 139 “Arbeitsmarkt-regionen” did not show signs of industrial clusters according to the research design. Downloads Download data is not yet available. References Alecke, B.; Alsleben, C.; Scharr, F.; Untiedt, G.: Geographic concentration of sectors in the German economy: Some unpleasant macroeconomic evidence for regional cluster policy. In: The economics of regional clusters. Networks, technology and policy. New Horizons in Regional Science. Hrsg.: Blien, U.; Maier, G. Cheltenham 2008, S. 209–233. Beaudry, C.; Schiffauerova, A.: Who’s Right, Marshall or Jacobs? The Localization versus Urbanization Debate. Research Policy 38 (2008) 2, S. 318–337. Bellet, M.; Lallich, S.; Vincent, M.: Clusters, Production Routes and Industrial Complexes in the Production System. Paper presented at the 9th International Input-Output Conference. Keszthely 1989. Bergman, E. M.; Feser, E. J.: Industrial and Regional Clusters: Concepts and Comparative Application. Regional Research Institute. West Virginia University 1999. Bijnen, E. J.: Cluster Analysis, Survey and Evaluation of Techniques. — Tilburg 1973. Blum, U.: Institutions and Clusters. In: Handbook of Research on Innovation and Clusters — Cases and Policies. Hrsg.: Karlsson, C. Cheltenham 2008. BMBF, Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (2007): 38 Bewerber beim Spitzencluster-Wettbewerb des BMBF am Start, in: Pressemitteilung vom 10. Dezember 2007. Stand: 18.02.2009. http://www.bmbf.de/_media/press/pm_20071210_-248. pdf. Camagni, R.: The Concept of the Innovative Milieu and Its Relevance for Public Policies in the European Lagging Regions. Papers in Regional Science 74 (1995) 4, S. 317–340. Cannon J. P.; Homburg, C.: Buyer-Supplier Relationships and Customer Firm Costs. Journal of Marketing 65 (2001) 1, S. 29–43. Cernavin, O.; Führ, M.; Kaltenbach, M.; Thießen, F. (Hrsg.): Cluster und Wettbewerbsfähigkeit von Regionen. Erfolgsfaktoren regionaler Wirtschaftsentwicklung. Berlin 2005. Cezanne, W., Weber, L.: Neuere Entwicklungen in der Wachstumstheorie. Das Wirtschaftsstudium 2 (2007), S. 246–254. Delgado, M.; Porter, M.E.; Stern, S.: Convergence, Clusters and Economic Performance. Working Paper draft Juli 20 (2007). Eckey, H.-F.; Kosfeld, R.; Türck, M.: Abgrenzung deutscher Arbeitsmarktregionen. Raumforschung und Raumordnung 64 (2006) 4, S. 299–309. Feser, E., Bergman, E.: National Industry Cluster Templates: A Framework For Applied Regional Cluster Analysis. Regional Studies 34 (2000), S. 1–20. Frigant, V.; Lung, Y.: Geographical proximity and supplying relationships in modular production. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 26 (2002) 4, S. 742–755. Isaksen, A.: Regional cluster building on local and non-local relationships. A European comparison. In: Proximity, distance and diversity. Issues on economic interaction and local development. Hrsg.: Lagendijk, A.; Oinas, P. Aldershot 2005, S. 129–151. Kiese, M.: Stand und Perspektiven der regionalen Clusterforschung. In: Cluster und Regionalentwicklung: Theorie, Beratung und praktische Umsetzung. Hrsg.: Kiese, M.; Schätzl, L. Dortmund 2008, S. 9–50. Kiese, M.; Schätzl, L.: Cluster und Regionalentwicklung: Eine Einführung, In: Cluster und Regionalentwicklung: Theorie, Beratung und praktische Umsetzung. Hrsg.: Kiese, M.; Schätzl, L. Dortmund 2008, S. 9–50. Kiese, M.; Schätzl, L.: Cluster und Regionalentwicklung: Eine Einführung, In: Cluster und Regionalentwicklung: Theorie, Beratung und praktische Umsetzung. Hrsg.: Kiese, M.; Schätzl, L. Dortmund 2008, S. 1–7. Krätke, S.: Scheuplein, C.: Produktionsscluster in Ostdeutschland: Methoden der Identifizierung und Analyse. Hamburg 2001. Krugman, P.: Geography and Trade. Cambridge 1991. Kubis, A.; Titze, M.; Brachert, M.; Lehmann, H.; Bergner, U.: Regionale Entwicklungsmuster und ihre Konsequenzen für die Raumordnungspolitik. IWH-Sonderheft 3/2009, Halle (Saale) 2009. Larsson, A.: The Development and Regional Significance of the Automotive Industry: Supplier Parks in Western Europe. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 26 (2002) 4, S. 767–84. Litzenberger, T.: Cluster und die New Economic Geography. Theoretische Konzepte, empirische Tests und Konsequenzen für Regionalpolitik in Deutschland. Frankfurt am Main 2006. Lundequist, P.; Power, D.: Putting Porter into Practice? Practices of Regional Cluster Building: Evidence from Sweden. European Planning Studies 10 (2002) 6, S. 685–704. Malmberg, A.; Maskell, P.: The elusive concept of localization economies: towards a knowledge-based theory of spatial clustering. Environment and Planning A 34 (2002), S. 429–449. Marshall, A.: Principles of Economics. London 1920. Martin, R.; Sunley, P.: Deconstructing Clusters: Chaotic Concept or Policy Panacea? Journal of Economic Geography 3 (2003) 1, S. 5–35. Maskell, P.; Malmberg, A.: Myopia, knowledge development and cluster evolution. Journal of Economic Geography 7 (2007) 5, S. 603–618 Maskell, P.; Malmberg, A.: Myopia, knowledge development and cluster evolution. Journal of Economic Geography 7 (2007) 5, S. 603–618. O’Donoghue, D.; Gleave, B.: A note on methods for measuring industrial agglomeration. Regional Studies 38 (2004), S. 419–427. Oosterhaven J.; Eding, G. J.; Stelder, D.: Clusters, Linkages and Interregional Spillovers: Methodology and Policy Implications for the Two Dutch Mainports and the Rural North. Regional Studies 35 (2001), S. 809–822. Porter, M. E.: Nationale Wettbewerbsvorteile. In: Wettbewerb und Strategie. Hrsg.: Ders. Porter, M. E. München 1999, S. 165–206. Porter, M.E.: The Competitive Advantage of Nations. New York 1990. Porter, M.E.: The Economic Performance of Regions. Regional Studies 37 (2003) 6&7, S. 15–34. Risch, B.: Innovative Cluster — Zauberformel für eine neue Regionalpolitik? In: Entscheidungsorientierte Volkswirtschaftslehre Festschrift für Gustav Dieckheuer. Hrsg.: Göcke, M.; Kooths, S. Frankfurt am Main 2005, S. 335–343. Roelandt, T. J. A.; Den Hertog, P.: Cluster Analysis and Cluster-Based Policy Making. In: OECD Countries: An Introduction to the Theme. In: OECD Proceedings. Boosting Innovation: The Cluster Approach. Paris 1999, S. 9–23. Rosenfeld, M. T. W.; Franz, P.; Günther, J.; Heimpold, G.; Kronthaler, F.: Ökonomische Entwicklungskerne in ostdeutschen Regionen: Branchenschwerpunkte, Unternehmensnetzwerke und innovative Kompetenzfelder der Wirtschaft. IWH Sonderheft 5/2006. Halle 2006. Schamp, E. W.: Decline and Renewal in Industrial Districts: Exit Strategies of SMEs in Consumer Goods Industrial Districts of Germany. In: The networked Firm in a Global World. Small firms in new environments. Hrsg.: Vatne, E.; Taylor, M. Aldershot 2000, S. 257–281. Schnabl, H.: Struktur-Evolution. Innovation, Technologieverflechtung und sektoraler Strukturwandel. München 2000. Schnabl, H.: The Evolution of Production Structures analyzed by a Multi-Layer Procedure. Economic Systems Research 6 (1994), S. 51–68. Scott, A. J.: New Industrial Spaces: Flexible Production Organization and Regional Development in North America and Western Europe. London 1988. Snelting, M.: Kommunale Zusammenarbeit in der Gewerbeflächenpolitik: Potentielle Kooperationsvorteile und fiskalische Kooperationsbarrieren. IWH Wirtschaft im Wandel 2 (1997), S. 7–12. Steinle, C.; Schiele, H.: When do industries cluster? A proposal on how to assess an industry’s propensity to concentrate at a single region or nation. Research Policy 31 (2002) 6, S. 849–858. Sterman, J. D.: Business Dynamics. Systems Thinking and Modeling for a Complex World. Boston 2000. Sternberg, R.; Litzenberger, T.: Regional Clusters in Germany — their Geography and their Relevance for Entrepreneurial Activities. European Planning Studies 12 (2004) 6, S. 767–791. Titze, M.; Brachert, M.; Kubis, A.: Die horizontale und vertikale Dimensionen industrieller Cluster — methodische Aspekte am Beispiel Dresden. IWH Wirtschaft im Wandel 7 (2009), S. 272–281. Titze, M.; Brachert, M.; Kubis, A.: Die Qualitative Input-Output-Analyse als Instrument der Clusterforschung. In: Neuere Anwendungsfelder der Input-Output-Analyse in Deutschland. Tagungsband. Beiträge zum Halleschen Input-Output-Workshop 208. IWH Sonderheft (forthcoming). Halle (Saale). Wolfe, D.; Gertler, M.: Clusters from the inside and out: local dynamics and global linkages. Urban Studies 41 (2004) 5/6, S. 1071–1093. Downloads PDF (German) Published 2009-09-30 Issue Vol. 67 No. 5-6 (2009) Section Research Article License Copyright (c) 2009 RuR Editors This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License. Articles in Raumforschung und Raumordnung – Spatial Research and Planning are published under a Creative Commons license. From Vol. 79 No. 2 (2021), the license applied is CC BY 4.0. From Vol. 77 No. 1 to Vol. 79 No.1, articles were published under a CC BY-SA license. Earlier volumes have been re-published by oekom 2022 under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License CC BY 4.0. How to Cite 1.Titze M, Brachert M, Kubis A. The identification of Germany’s horizontal and vertical industrial clusters: A new approach and first empirical results. RuR [Internet]. 2009 Sep. 30 [cited 2024 Oct. 6];67(5-6):353–368. Available from: https://rur.oekom.de/index.php/rur/article/view/990 More Citation Formats ACM ACS APA ABNT Chicago Harvard IEEE MLA Turabian Vancouver Download Citation Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS) BibTeX Share
A new Issue has been published August 30, 2024 A new issue of the Open-Access-Journal "Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning" has been published. Volume 82 No. 4 (2024) is now available on our website.
A new Issue has been published June 28, 2024 A new issue of the Open-Access-Journal "Raumforschung und Raumordnung | Spatial Research and Planning" has been published. Volume 82 No. 3 (2024) is now available on our website.
Call for papers for a special issue on: Planning for sustainability transformations: Theoretical approaches, practical experiences, and political consequences June 3, 2024 Call for papers for a special issue onPlanning for sustainability transformations: Theoretical approaches, practical experiences, and political consequences